What is holy basil?
Holy basil, also known by its Sanskrit name “Tulsi” (Ocimum sanctum or Ocimum tenuiflorum), is an aromatic herb native to the Indian subcontinent.
It is highly revered in Hinduism and is considered sacred to the god Vishnu. Holy basil is also cultivated in Southeast Asia and other tropical regions.
Other names for holy basil in Australia
Holy basil is known by various names in different regions and cultures. In terms of its botanical and common names, they include:
- Tulsi: As previously mentioned, it’s a commonly used name, especially in India.
- Ocimum sanctum or Ocimum tenuiflorum: These are its scientific names.
- Sacred basil: Another English translation based on its revered status.
In Australian recipes, it’s still often referred to as “holy basil” or “Tulsi”. The name doesn’t change significantly across English-speaking countries. However, as Australia has a diverse population with influences from many Asian cultures, you might hear it called by its names in various Asian languages, especially in cultural or specialty markets.
In Thailand, for example, a variety of holy basil is called “krapow” or “kaprao”, and it’s used in several Thai dishes, like this Gai Pad Krapow from Serious Eats.
What is holy basil used for?
Cooking and other culinary uses
While it’s a different species from the sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) used in many Western dishes, holy basil has its culinary applications, especially in Thai cuisine, where it’s referred to as “Thai holy basil”.
It’s used in dishes like “pad krapow, ” a stir-fry typically made with meat, chillies, garlic, and holy basil.
Spiritual and cultural significance
In India, holy basil is considered an incarnation of the goddess Lakshmi. Many Hindu households have a Tulsi plant, which plays a significant role in various rituals and ceremonies.
Medicinal uses
Traditionally, holy basil has been used in Ayurveda for its believed healing properties. It is thought to be an adaptogen, helping the body adapt to stress and normalise its functions.
Some potential medicinal properties include anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, analgesic, and antipyretic actions, though scientific evidence varies on the effectiveness of these treatments.
Phytochemicals
Holy basil contains eugenol, ursolic acid, rosmarinic acid, and various flavonoids, which are believed to contribute to its therapeutic properties.
What does holy basil taste like?
Holy basil (Tulsi) has a unique flavour profile that can be somewhat challenging to describe, especially since it varies slightly based on the specific variety and its growing conditions. Generally, holy basil has a more robust and peppery taste than common sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) used in many Western dishes.
Peppery
It has a sharp, peppery kick, which is more pronounced than the mild pepperiness of sweet basil.
Spicy
Unlike the sweet undertones of sweet basil, holy basil leans more towards a spicy profile.
Bitter
There’s a slight bitterness that isn’t found in sweet basil.
Earthy
A warm, earthy undertone is present, similar to other herbs.
Clovey or licorice-like
Some people detect a hint of clove or even licorice in its flavour, which gives it a slightly sweet edge amidst the spiciness.
Where to buy holy basil in Australia
In Australia, as in many parts of the world, the increasing interest in international cuisines and herbal remedies has made finding ingredients like holy basil easier.
If you’re looking to buy holy basil (Tulsi) in Australia, here are some places you can check:
Asian grocery stores
Many Asian or specifically Thai grocery stores will stock fresh or dried holy basil. Given the herb’s importance in Thai cuisine, this is one of the best places to start.
Health food shops
Given holy basil’s reputation in herbal medicine and as a tea, you may find dried leaves, teas, or supplements in health food stores.
Garden centres or nurseries
If you can’t find any when you want it… you can always try growing your own! Some nurseries or garden centres might carry holy basil seeds or seedlings. It’s relatively easy to care for– not unlike other basil plants.
Farmers' markets
Sometimes local growers might have specialty herbs like holy basil available. Try your local markets, and if you can’t find any, ask a few stalls as they could have some they’re just not bringing along yet!
Specialty or gourmet stores
Stores that cater to gourmet or international cuisines might stock fresh or dried holy basil.
Recipes to cook with holy basil
This recipe from Michele Humes over at Serious Eats is cheap, delicious, and easy to make. It makes for a tasty weeknight meal and uses holy basil as a star flavour.
Holy basil tea
This is a simple preparation where fresh or dried holy basil leaves are steeped in hot water. It’s believed to have various health benefits and is a popular herbal tea in India.
Remember, when cooking with holy basil
Remember, while holy basil has a unique flavour, it can be somewhat intense– especially if you’re new to it.
When trying it in dishes for the first time, adjusting the quantity to your liking is a good idea. As with all herbs, the freshness and variety of holy basil can also influence its flavour, so it might vary slightly depending on where and how it was grown.
